initial

25 files changed, 3655 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.document b/.document
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f57a465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.document
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+README
+LICENSE
+NEWS
+ChangeLog
+lib
+ext/raindrops/raindrops_ext.c
+ext/raindrops/linux_inet_diag.c
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be0d7ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+*.o
+*.so
+*.log
+*.rbc
+Makefile
+/GIT-VERSION-FILE
+/local.mk
+/NEWS
+/ChangeLog
+/.manifest
+/GIT-VERSION-FILE
+/man
+/pkg
+/doc
diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cca7fc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+                   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+
+  This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
+the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
+License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
+
+  0. Additional Definitions.
+
+  As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
+General Public License.
+
+  "The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
+other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
+
+  An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
+by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
+Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
+of using an interface provided by the Library.
+
+  A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
+Application with the Library.  The particular version of the Library
+with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
+Version".
+
+  The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
+Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
+for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
+based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
+
+  The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
+object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
+and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
+Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
+
+  1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
+without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  2. Conveying Modified Versions.
+
+  If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
+facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
+that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
+facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
+version:
+
+   a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
+   ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
+   function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
+   whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
+
+   b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
+   this License applicable to that copy.
+
+  3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
+
+  The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
+a header file that is part of the Library.  You may convey such object
+code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
+material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
+layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
+(ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
+   Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+  4. Combined Works.
+
+  You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
+taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
+portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
+engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
+the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that
+   the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+   c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
+   execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
+   these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
+   copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
+
+   d) Do one of the following:
+
+       0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
+       License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
+       suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
+       recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
+       the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
+       manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
+       Corresponding Source.
+
+       1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
+       Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
+       a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
+       system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
+       of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
+       Version.
+
+   e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
+   be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
+   GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
+   necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
+   Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
+   Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
+   you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
+   the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
+   Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
+   Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
+   for conveying Corresponding Source.)
+
+  5. Combined Libraries.
+
+  You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
+Library side by side in a single library together with other library
+facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
+License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
+choice, if you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
+   on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
+   conveyed under the terms of this License.
+
+   b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
+   is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
+   accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
+
+  6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
+versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
+
+  Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
+applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
+conditions either of that published version or of any later version
+published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
+received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+  If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
+whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
+apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
+permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
+Library.
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4e7f0e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
+DEF_VER=v0.1.0.GIT
+
+LF='
+'
+
+# First see if there is a version file (included in release tarballs),
+# then try git-describe, then default.
+if test -f version
+then
+        VN=$(cat version) || VN="$DEF_VER"
+elif test -d .git -o -f .git &&
+        VN=$(git describe --abbrev=4 HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
+        case "$VN" in
+        *$LF*) (exit 1) ;;
+        v[0-9]*)
+                git update-index -q --refresh
+                test -z "$(git diff-index --name-only HEAD --)" ||
+                VN="$VN-dirty" ;;
+        esac
+then
+        VN=$(echo "$VN" | sed -e 's/-/./g');
+else
+        VN="$DEF_VER"
+fi
+
+VN=$(expr "$VN" : v*'\(.*\)')
+
+if test -r $GVF
+then
+        VC=$(sed -e 's/^GIT_VERSION = //' <$GVF)
+else
+        VC=unset
+fi
+test "$VN" = "$VC" || {
+        echo >&2 "GIT_VERSION = $VN"
+        echo "GIT_VERSION = $VN" >$GVF
+}
diff --git a/GNUmakefile b/GNUmakefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00018f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/GNUmakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+# use GNU Make to run tests in parallel, and without depending on RubyGems
+all::
+RUBY = ruby
+RAKE = rake
+GIT_URL = git://git.bogomips.org/raindrops.git
+
+GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
+        @./GIT-VERSION-GEN
+-include GIT-VERSION-FILE
+-include local.mk
+ifeq ($(DLEXT),) # "so" for Linux
+  DLEXT := $(shell $(RUBY) -rrbconfig -e 'puts Config::CONFIG["DLEXT"]')
+endif
+ifeq ($(RUBY_VERSION),)
+  RUBY_VERSION := $(shell $(RUBY) -e 'puts RUBY_VERSION')
+endif
+
+install: $(bins)
+        $(prep_setup_rb)
+        $(RM) -r .install-tmp
+        mkdir .install-tmp
+        cp -p bin/* .install-tmp
+        $(RUBY) setup.rb all
+        $(RM) $^
+        mv .install-tmp/* bin/
+        $(RM) -r .install-tmp
+        $(prep_setup_rb)
+
+setup_rb_files := .config InstalledFiles
+prep_setup_rb := @-$(RM) $(setup_rb_files);$(MAKE) -C $(ext) clean
+
+clean:
+        -$(MAKE) -C ext/raindrops clean
+        $(RM) $(setup_rb_files) ext/raindrops/Makefile
+
+pkg_extra := GIT-VERSION-FILE NEWS ChangeLog
+manifest: $(pkg_extra)
+        $(RM) .manifest
+        $(MAKE) .manifest
+
+.manifest:
+        (git ls-files && \
+         for i in $@ $(pkg_extra) $(man1_paths); \
+         do echo $$i; done) | LC_ALL=C sort > $@+
+        cmp $@+ $@ || mv $@+ $@
+        $(RM) $@+
+
+NEWS: GIT-VERSION-FILE
+        $(RAKE) -s news_rdoc > $@+
+        mv $@+ $@
+
+SINCE =
+ChangeLog: LOG_VERSION = \
+  $(shell git rev-parse -q "$(GIT_VERSION)" >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+          echo $(GIT_VERSION) || git describe)
+ifneq ($(SINCE),)
+ChangeLog: log_range = v$(SINCE)..$(LOG_VERSION)
+endif
+ChangeLog: GIT-VERSION-FILE
+        @echo "ChangeLog from $(GIT_URL) ($(log_range))" > $@+
+        @echo >> $@+
+        git log $(log_range) | sed -e 's/^/    /' >> $@+
+        mv $@+ $@
+
+news_atom := http://raindrops.bogomips.org/NEWS.atom.xml
+cgit_atom := http://git.bogomips.org/cgit/raindrops.git/atom/?h=master
+atom = <link rel="alternate" title="Atom feed" href="$(1)" \
+             type="application/atom+xml"/>
+
+# using rdoc 2.4.1+
+doc: .document NEWS ChangeLog
+        for i in $(man1_bins); do > $$i; done
+        rdoc -Na -t "$(shell sed -ne '1s/^= //p' README)"
+        install -m644 COPYING doc/COPYING
+        install -m644 $(shell grep '^[A-Z]' .document) doc/
+        cd doc && for i in $(base_bins); do \
+          html=$$(echo $$i | sed 's/\.rb/_rb/')_1.html; \
+          sed -e '/"documentation">/r man1/'$$i'.1.html' \
+                < $$html > tmp && mv tmp $$html; done
+        $(RUBY) -i -p -e \
+          '$$_.gsub!("</title>",%q{\&$(call atom,$(cgit_atom))})' \
+          doc/ChangeLog.html
+        $(RUBY) -i -p -e \
+          '$$_.gsub!("</title>",%q{\&$(call atom,$(news_atom))})' \
+          doc/NEWS.html doc/README.html
+        $(RAKE) -s news_atom > doc/NEWS.atom.xml
+        cd doc && ln README.html tmp && mv tmp index.html
+        $(RM) $(man1_bins)
+
+ifneq ($(VERSION),)
+rfproject := rainbows
+rfpackage := raindrops
+pkggem := pkg/$(rfpackage)-$(VERSION).gem
+pkgtgz := pkg/$(rfpackage)-$(VERSION).tgz
+release_notes := release_notes-$(VERSION)
+release_changes := release_changes-$(VERSION)
+
+release-notes: $(release_notes)
+release-changes: $(release_changes)
+$(release_changes):
+        $(RAKE) -s release_changes > $@+
+        $(VISUAL) $@+ && test -s $@+ && mv $@+ $@
+$(release_notes):
+        GIT_URL=$(GIT_URL) $(RAKE) -s release_notes > $@+
+        $(VISUAL) $@+ && test -s $@+ && mv $@+ $@
+
+# ensures we're actually on the tagged $(VERSION), only used for release
+verify:
+        test x"$(shell umask)" = x0022
+        git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/v$(VERSION)^{}
+        git diff-index --quiet HEAD^0
+        test `git rev-parse --verify HEAD^0` = \
+             `git rev-parse --verify refs/tags/v$(VERSION)^{}`
+
+fix-perms:
+        -git ls-tree -r HEAD | awk '/^100644 / {print $$NF}' | xargs chmod 644
+        -git ls-tree -r HEAD | awk '/^100755 / {print $$NF}' | xargs chmod 755
+
+gem: $(pkggem)
+
+install-gem: $(pkggem)
+        gem install $(CURDIR)/$<
+
+$(pkggem): manifest fix-perms
+        gem build $(rfpackage).gemspec
+        mkdir -p pkg
+        mv $(@F) $@
+
+$(pkgtgz): distdir = $(basename $@)
+$(pkgtgz): HEAD = v$(VERSION)
+$(pkgtgz): manifest fix-perms
+        @test -n "$(distdir)"
+        $(RM) -r $(distdir)
+        mkdir -p $(distdir)
+        tar c `cat .manifest` | (cd $(distdir) && tar x)
+        cd pkg && tar c $(basename $(@F)) | gzip -9 > $(@F)+
+        mv $@+ $@
+
+package: $(pkgtgz) $(pkggem)
+
+test-release: verify package $(release_notes) $(release_changes)
+release: verify package $(release_notes) $(release_changes)
+        # make tgz release on RubyForge
+        rubyforge add_release -f -n $(release_notes) -a $(release_changes) \
+          $(rfproject) $(rfpackage) $(VERSION) $(pkgtgz)
+        # push gem to Gemcutter
+        gem push $(pkggem)
+        # in case of gem downloads from RubyForge releases page
+        -rubyforge add_file \
+          $(rfproject) $(rfpackage) $(VERSION) $(pkggem)
+else
+gem install-gem: GIT-VERSION-FILE
+        $(MAKE) $@ VERSION=$(GIT_VERSION)
+endif
+
+ext := ext/raindrops/raindrops_ext.$(DLEXT)
+ext/raindrops/Makefile: ext/raindrops/extconf.rb
+        cd $(@D) && $(RUBY) extconf.rb
+$(ext): $(wildcard $(addprefix ext/raindrops/,*.c *.h)) ext/raindrops/Makefile
+        $(MAKE) -C $(@D)
+
+all:: test
+
+export STRESS BENCHMARK
+build: $(ext)
+test_units := $(wildcard test/test_*.rb)
+test: test-unit
+test-unit: $(test_units)
+$(test_units): build
+        $(RUBY) -I lib:ext/raindrops $@
+
+.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE doc manifest man test $(test_units)
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23fc26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+raindrops is copyrighted Free Software by all contributors, see logs in
+revision control for names and email addresses of all of them.
+
+You can redistribute it and/or modify it under either the terms of the GNU
+Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
+version 3.0 {LGPLv3}[http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.txt] (see
+link:COPYING).
+
+posix_mq is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
+License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301
diff --git a/README b/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e5c9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+= raindrops - real-time stats for preforking Rack servers
+
+Raindrops is a real time stats package to show statistics for Rack HTTP
+servers.  It is designed for preforking servers such as Rainbows! and
+Unicorn, but should support any Rack HTTP server under Ruby 1.9, 1.8 and
+possibly Rubinius (untested) on platforms supporting POSIX shared memory
+and compiled with GCC (for atomic builtins).
+
+Raindrops includes a Struct-like Raindrops::Struct class that may be used
+standalone to create atomic counters shared across any number of forked
+processes under SMP.
+
+== Features
+
+* counters are shared across all forked children and lock-free
+
+* counters are kept on separate cache lines to reduce contention under SMP
+
+* may expose server statistics as a Rack Middleware endpoint
+  (default: "/_raindrops")
+
+* middleware displays the number of actively processing and writing
+  clients from a single request regardless of which worker process
+  it hits.
+
+== Linux-only Extra Features!
+
+* Middleware response includes extra stats for bound TCP and
+  Unix domain sockets (configurable, it can include stats from
+  other TCP or UNIX domain socket servers).
+
+* TCP socket stats use efficient inet_diag facilities via netlink
+  instead of parsing /proc/net/tcp to minimize overhead.
+  This was fun to discover and write.
+
+== Install
+
+raindrops requires GCC 4.x (or compatible) or later to support the
+atomic builtins (__sync_{add,sub}_and_fetch()).  Atomic operations on
+other compilers may be supported if there is demand.
+
+If you're using a packaged Ruby distribution, make sure you have a C
+compiler and the matching Ruby development libraries and headers.
+
+If you use RubyGems:
+
+    gem install raindrops
+
+Otherwise grab the latest tarball from:
+
+http://raindrops.bogomips.org/files/
+
+Unpack it, and run "ruby setup.rb"
+
+== Usage (Rainbows!/Unicorn preload_app=false)
+
+If you're using preload_app=false (the default) in your Rainbows!/Unicorn
+config file, you'll need to create the global Stats object before
+forking.
+
+        require 'raindrops'
+        $stats ||= Raindrops::Middleware::Stats.new
+
+In your Rack config.ru:
+
+        use Raindrops::Middleware, :stats => $stats
+
+== Usage (Rainbows!/Unicorn preload_app=true)
+
+If you're using preload_app=true in your Rainbows!/Unicorn
+config file, just add the middleware to your stack:
+
+In your Rack config.ru:
+
+        use Raindrops::Middleware
+
+== Usage (Linux-extras)
+
+To get bound listener statistics under Linux, you need to specify the
+listener names for your server.  You can even include listen sockets for
+*other* servers on the same machine.  This can be handy for monitoring
+your nginx proxy as well.
+
+In your Rack config.ru, just pass the :listeners argument as an array of
+strings (along with any other arguments).  You can specify any
+combination of TCP or Unix domain socket names:
+
+        use Raindrops::Middleware, :listeners => %w(0.0.0.0:80 /tmp/.sock)
+
+See the tests/ and examples/ directory for more examples
+
+== Development
+
+You can get the latest source via git from the following locations:
+
+  git://git.bogomips.org/raindrops.git
+  git://repo.or.cz/raindrops.git (mirror)
+
+You may browse the code from the web and download the latest snapshot
+tarballs here:
+
+* http://git.bogomips.org/cgit/raindrops.git (cgit)
+* http://repo.or.cz/w/raindrops.git (gitweb)
+
+Inline patches (from "git format-patch") to the mailing list are
+preferred because they allow code review and comments in the reply to
+the patch.
+
+We will adhere to mostly the same conventions for patch submissions as
+git itself.  See the Documentation/SubmittingPatches document
+distributed with git on on patch submission guidelines to follow.  Just
+don't email the git mailing list or maintainer with raindrops patches.
+
+== Contact
+
+All feedback (bug reports, user/development discussion, patches, pull
+requests) go to the mailing list: mailto:raindrops@librelist.com
diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43cb18a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+
+# most tasks are in the GNUmakefile which offers better parallelism
+
+def tags
+  timefmt = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ'
+  @tags ||= `git tag -l`.split(/\n/).map do |tag|
+    if %r{\Av[\d\.]+\z} =~ tag
+      header, subject, body = `git cat-file tag #{tag}`.split(/\n\n/, 3)
+      header = header.split(/\n/)
+      tagger = header.grep(/\Atagger /).first
+      body ||= "initial"
+      {
+        :time => Time.at(tagger.split(/ /)[-2].to_i).utc.strftime(timefmt),
+        :tagger_name => %r{^tagger ([^<]+)}.match(tagger)[1].strip,
+        :tagger_email => %r{<([^>]+)>}.match(tagger)[1].strip,
+        :id => `git rev-parse refs/tags/#{tag}`.chomp!,
+        :tag => tag,
+        :subject => subject,
+        :body => body,
+      }
+    end
+  end.compact.sort { |a,b| b[:time] <=> a[:time] }
+end
+
+cgit_url = "http://git.bogomips.org/cgit/raindrops.git"
+git_url = ENV['GIT_URL'] || 'git://git.bogomips.org/raindrops.git'
+web_url = "http://rainbows.bogomips.org/raindrops/"
+
+desc 'prints news as an Atom feed'
+task :news_atom do
+  require 'nokogiri'
+  new_tags = tags[0,10]
+  puts(Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do
+    feed :xmlns => "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" do
+      id! "#{web_url}NEWS.atom.xml"
+      title "Raindrops news"
+      subtitle "real-time stats for Rack servers"
+      link! :rel => "alternate", :type => "text/html",
+            :href => "#{web_url}NEWS.html"
+      updated(new_tags.empty? ? "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z" : new_tags.first[:time])
+      new_tags.each do |tag|
+        entry do
+          title tag[:subject]
+          updated tag[:time]
+          published tag[:time]
+          author {
+            name tag[:tagger_name]
+            email tag[:tagger_email]
+          }
+          url = "#{cgit_url}/tag/?id=#{tag[:tag]}"
+          link! :rel => "alternate", :type => "text/html", :href =>url
+          id! url
+          message_only = tag[:body].split(/\n.+\(\d+\):\n {6}/s).first.strip
+          content({:type =>:text}, message_only)
+          content(:type =>:xhtml) { pre tag[:body] }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end.to_xml)
+end
+
+desc 'prints RDoc-formatted news'
+task :news_rdoc do
+  tags.each do |tag|
+    time = tag[:time].tr!('T', ' ').gsub!(/:\d\dZ/, ' UTC')
+    puts "=== #{tag[:tag].sub(/^v/, '')} / #{time}"
+    puts ""
+
+    body = tag[:body]
+    puts tag[:body].gsub(/^/sm, "  ").gsub(/[ \t]+$/sm, "")
+    puts ""
+  end
+end
+
+desc "print release changelog for Rubyforge"
+task :release_changes do
+  version = ENV['VERSION'] or abort "VERSION= needed"
+  version = "v#{version}"
+  vtags = tags.map { |tag| tag[:tag] =~ /\Av/ and tag[:tag] }.sort
+  prev = vtags[vtags.index(version) - 1]
+  if prev
+    system('git', 'diff', '--stat', prev, version) or abort $?
+    puts ""
+    system('git', 'log', "#{prev}..#{version}") or abort $?
+  else
+    system('git', 'log', version) or abort $?
+  end
+end
+
+desc "print release notes for Rubyforge"
+task :release_notes do
+  spec = Gem::Specification.load('raindrops.gemspec')
+  puts spec.description.strip
+  puts ""
+  puts "* #{spec.homepage}"
+  puts "* #{spec.email}"
+  puts "* #{git_url}"
+
+  _, _, body = `git cat-file tag v#{spec.version}`.split(/\n\n/, 3)
+  print "\nChanges:\n\n"
+  puts body
+end
+
+desc "read news article from STDIN and post to rubyforge"
+task :publish_news do
+  require 'rubyforge'
+  IO.select([STDIN], nil, nil, 1) or abort "E: news must be read from stdin"
+  msg = STDIN.readlines
+  subject = msg.shift
+  blank = msg.shift
+  blank == "\n" or abort "no newline after subject!"
+  subject.strip!
+  body = msg.join("").strip!
+
+  rf = RubyForge.new.configure
+  rf.login
+  rf.post_news('rainbows', subject, body)
+end
+
+desc "post to RAA"
+task :raa_update do
+  require 'net/http'
+  require 'net/netrc'
+  rc = Net::Netrc.locate('raindrops-raa') or abort "~/.netrc not found"
+  password = rc.password
+
+  s = Gem::Specification.load('raindrops.gemspec')
+  desc = [ s.description.strip ]
+  desc << ""
+  desc << "* #{s.email}"
+  desc << "* #{git_url}"
+  desc << "* #{cgit_url}"
+  desc = desc.join("\n")
+  uri = URI.parse('http://raa.ruby-lang.org/regist.rhtml')
+  form = {
+    :name => s.name,
+    :short_description => s.summary,
+    :version => s.version.to_s,
+    :status => 'experimental',
+    :owner => s.authors.first,
+    :email => s.email,
+    :category_major => 'Library',
+    :category_minor => 'Rack',
+    :url => s.homepage,
+    :download => 'http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=8977',
+    :license => 'LGPL', # LGPLv3, actually, but RAA is ancient...
+    :description_style => 'Plain',
+    :description => desc,
+    :pass => password,
+    :submit => 'Update',
+  }
+  res = Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, form)
+  p res
+  puts res.body
+end
diff --git a/TODO b/TODO
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6935888
--- /dev/null
+++ b/TODO
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+* more portable atomics for non-GCC systems (libatomicops?)
+* pure Ruby version for non-forking servers
diff --git a/examples/linux-tcp-listener-stats.rb b/examples/linux-tcp-listener-stats.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..338c408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/linux-tcp-listener-stats.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/ruby
+
+# this is used to show or watch the number of active and queued
+# connections on any listener socket from the command line
+
+require 'raindrops'
+require 'optparse'
+usage = "Usage: #$0 [--loop] ADDR..."
+ARGV.size > 0 or abort usage
+delay = false
+
+# "normal" exits when driven on the command-line
+trap(:INT) { exit 130 }
+trap(:PIPE) { exit 0 }
+
+opts = OptionParser.new('', 24, '  ') do |opts|
+  opts.banner = usage
+  opts.on('-d', '--delay=delay') { |nr| delay = nr.to_i }
+  opts.parse! ARGV
+end
+
+fmt = "% 19s % 10u % 10u\n"
+printf fmt.tr('u','s'), *%w(address active queued)
+
+begin
+  stats = Raindrops::Linux.tcp_listener_stats(ARGV)
+  stats.each { |addr,stats| printf fmt, addr, stats.active, stats.queued }
+end while delay && sleep(delay)
diff --git a/ext/raindrops/extconf.rb b/ext/raindrops/extconf.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d637287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/raindrops/extconf.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+require 'mkmf'
+
+# FIXME: test for GCC __sync_XXX builtins here, somehow...
+have_func('mmap', 'sys/mman.h') or abort 'mmap() not found'
+have_func('munmap', 'sys/mman.h') or abort 'munmap() not found'
+
+have_func("rb_struct_alloc_noinit")
+have_func('rb_thread_blocking_region')
+
+dir_config('raindrops')
+create_makefile('raindrops_ext')
diff --git a/ext/raindrops/linux_inet_diag.c b/ext/raindrops/linux_inet_diag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..315844e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/raindrops/linux_inet_diag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+
+/* Ruby 1.8.6+ macros (for compatibility with Ruby 1.9) */
+#ifndef RSTRING_PTR
+#  define RSTRING_PTR(s) (RSTRING(s)->ptr)
+#endif
+#ifndef RSTRING_LEN
+#  define RSTRING_LEN(s) (RSTRING(s)->len)
+#endif
+#ifndef RSTRUCT_PTR
+#  define RSTRUCT_PTR(s) (RSTRUCT(s)->ptr)
+#endif
+#ifndef RSTRUCT_LEN
+#  define RSTRUCT_LEN(s) (RSTRUCT(s)->len)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_STRUCT_ALLOC_NOINIT
+static ID id_new;
+static VALUE rb_struct_alloc_noinit(VALUE class)
+{
+        return rb_funcall(class, id_new, 0, 0);
+}
+#endif /* !defined(HAVE_RB_STRUCT_ALLOC_NOINIT) */
+
+/* partial emulation of the 1.9 rb_thread_blocking_region under 1.8 */
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_THREAD_BLOCKING_REGION
+#  include <rubysig.h>
+#  define RUBY_UBF_IO ((rb_unblock_function_t *)-1)
+typedef void rb_unblock_function_t(void *);
+typedef VALUE rb_blocking_function_t(void *);
+static VALUE
+rb_thread_blocking_region(
+        rb_blocking_function_t *func, void *data1,
+        rb_unblock_function_t *ubf, void *data2)
+{
+        VALUE rv;
+
+        TRAP_BEG;
+        rv = func(data1);
+        TRAP_END;
+
+        return rv;
+}
+#endif /* ! HAVE_RB_THREAD_BLOCKING_REGION */
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <asm/types.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netinet/tcp.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <linux/inet_diag.h>
+
+static size_t page_size;
+static unsigned g_seq;
+static VALUE cListenStats;
+
+struct my_addr {
+        in_addr_t addr;
+        uint16_t port;
+};
+
+struct listen_stats {
+        long active;
+        long queued;
+};
+
+#define OPLEN (sizeof(struct inet_diag_bc_op) + \
+               sizeof(struct inet_diag_hostcond) + \
+               sizeof(in_addr_t))
+
+struct nogvl_args {
+        struct iovec iov[3]; /* last iov holds inet_diag bytecode */
+        struct my_addr addrs;
+        struct listen_stats stats;
+};
+
+/* creates a Ruby ListenStats Struct based on our internal listen_stats */
+static VALUE rb_listen_stats(struct listen_stats *stats)
+{
+        VALUE rv = rb_struct_alloc_noinit(cListenStats);
+        VALUE *ptr = RSTRUCT_PTR(rv);
+
+        ptr[0] = LONG2NUM(stats->active);
+        ptr[1] = LONG2NUM(stats->queued);
+
+        return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+ * converts a base 10 string representing a port number into
+ * an unsigned 16 bit integer.  Raises ArgumentError on failure
+ */
+static uint16_t my_inet_port(const char *port)
+{
+        char *err;
+        unsigned long tmp = strtoul(port, &err, 10);
+
+        if (*err != 0 || tmp > 0xffff)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "port not parsable: `%s'\n", port);
+
+        return (uint16_t)tmp;
+}
+
+/* inner loop of inet_diag, called for every socket returned by netlink */
+static inline void r_acc(struct nogvl_args *args, struct inet_diag_msg *r)
+{
+        /*
+         * inode == 0 means the connection is still in the listen queue
+         * and has not yet been accept()-ed by the server.  The
+         * inet_diag bytecode cannot filter this for us.
+         */
+        if (r->idiag_inode == 0)
+                return;
+        if (r->idiag_state == TCP_ESTABLISHED)
+                args->stats.active++;
+        else /* if (r->idiag_state == TCP_LISTEN) */
+                args->stats.queued = r->idiag_rqueue;
+        /*
+         * we wont get anything else because of the idiag_states filter
+         */
+}
+
+static const char err_socket[] = "socket";
+static const char err_sendmsg[] = "sendmsg";
+static const char err_recvmsg[] = "recvmsg";
+static const char err_nlmsg[] = "nlmsg";
+
+/* does the inet_diag stuff with netlink(), this is called w/o GVL */
+static VALUE diag(void *ptr)
+{
+        struct nogvl_args *args = ptr;
+        struct sockaddr_nl nladdr;
+        struct rtattr rta;
+        struct {
+                struct nlmsghdr nlh;
+                struct inet_diag_req r;
+        } req;
+        struct msghdr msg;
+        const char *err = NULL;
+        unsigned seq = __sync_add_and_fetch(&g_seq, 1);
+        int fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_INET_DIAG);
+
+        if (fd < 0)
+                return (VALUE)err_socket;
+
+        memset(&args->stats, 0, sizeof(struct listen_stats));
+
+        memset(&nladdr, 0, sizeof(nladdr));
+        nladdr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+        memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
+        req.nlh.nlmsg_len = sizeof(req) + RTA_LENGTH(args->iov[2].iov_len);
+        req.nlh.nlmsg_type = TCPDIAG_GETSOCK;
+        req.nlh.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_ROOT | NLM_F_MATCH | NLM_F_REQUEST;
+        req.nlh.nlmsg_pid = getpid();
+        req.nlh.nlmsg_seq = seq;
+        req.r.idiag_family = AF_INET;
+        req.r.idiag_states = (1<<TCP_ESTABLISHED) | (1<<TCP_LISTEN);
+        rta.rta_type = INET_DIAG_REQ_BYTECODE;
+        rta.rta_len = RTA_LENGTH(args->iov[2].iov_len);
+
+        args->iov[0].iov_base = &req;
+        args->iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(req);
+        args->iov[1].iov_base = &rta;
+        args->iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(rta);
+
+        memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
+        msg.msg_name = (void *)&nladdr;
+        msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(nladdr);
+        msg.msg_iov = args->iov;
+        msg.msg_iovlen = 3;
+
+        if (sendmsg(fd, &msg, 0) < 0) {
+                err = err_sendmsg;
+                goto out;
+        }
+
+        /* reuse buffer that was allocated for bytecode */
+        args->iov[0].iov_len = page_size;
+        args->iov[0].iov_base = args->iov[2].iov_base;
+
+        while (1) {
+                ssize_t readed;
+                struct nlmsghdr *h = (struct nlmsghdr *)args->iov[0].iov_base;
+
+                memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
+                msg.msg_name = (void *)&nladdr;
+                msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(nladdr);
+                msg.msg_iov = args->iov;
+                msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
+
+                readed = recvmsg(fd, &msg, 0);
+                if (readed < 0) {
+                        if (errno == EINTR)
+                                continue;
+                        err = err_recvmsg;
+                        goto out;
+                }
+                if (readed == 0)
+                        goto out;
+
+                for ( ; NLMSG_OK(h, readed); h = NLMSG_NEXT(h, readed)) {
+                        if (h->nlmsg_seq != seq)
+                                continue;
+                        if (h->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
+                                goto out;
+                        if (h->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR) {
+                                err = err_nlmsg;
+                                goto out;
+                        }
+                        r_acc(args, NLMSG_DATA(h));
+                }
+        }
+out:
+        {
+                int save_errno = errno;
+                close(fd);
+                errno = save_errno;
+        }
+        return (VALUE)err;
+}
+
+/* populates inet my_addr struct by parsing +addr+ */
+static void parse_addr(struct my_addr *inet, VALUE addr)
+{
+        char *host_port, *colon;
+
+        if (TYPE(addr) != T_STRING)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "addrs must be an Array of Strings");
+
+        host_port = RSTRING_PTR(addr);
+        colon = memchr(host_port, ':', RSTRING_LEN(addr));
+        if (!colon)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "port not found in: `%s'", host_port);
+
+        *colon = 0;
+        inet->addr = inet_addr(host_port);
+        *colon = ':';
+        inet->port = htons(my_inet_port(colon + 1));
+}
+
+/* generates inet_diag bytecode to match a single addr */
+static void gen_bytecode(struct iovec *iov, struct my_addr *inet)
+{
+        struct inet_diag_bc_op *op;
+        struct inet_diag_hostcond *cond;
+
+        /* iov_len was already set and base allocated in a parent function */
+        assert(iov->iov_len == OPLEN && iov->iov_base && "iov invalid");
+        op = iov->iov_base;
+        op->code = INET_DIAG_BC_S_COND;
+        op->yes = OPLEN;
+        op->no = sizeof(struct inet_diag_bc_op) + OPLEN;
+
+        cond = (struct inet_diag_hostcond *)(op + 1);
+        cond->family = AF_INET;
+        cond->port = ntohs(inet->port);
+        cond->prefix_len = inet->addr == 0 ? 0 : sizeof(in_addr_t) * CHAR_BIT;
+        *cond->addr = inet->addr;
+}
+
+static VALUE tcp_stats(struct nogvl_args *args, VALUE addr)
+{
+        const char *err;
+        VALUE verr;
+
+        parse_addr(&args->addrs, addr);
+        gen_bytecode(&args->iov[2], &args->addrs);
+
+        verr = rb_thread_blocking_region(diag, args, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
+        err = (const char *)verr;
+        if (err) {
+                if (err == err_nlmsg)
+                        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "NLMSG_ERROR");
+                else
+                        rb_sys_fail(err);
+        }
+
+        return rb_listen_stats(&args->stats);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *      addrs = %w(0.0.0.0:80 127.0.0.1:8080)
+ *      Raindrops::Linux.tcp_listener_stats(addrs) => hash
+ *
+ * Takes an array of strings representing listen addresses to filter for.
+ * Returns a hash with given addresses as keys and ListenStats
+ * objects as the values.
+ */
+static VALUE tcp_listener_stats(VALUE obj, VALUE addrs)
+{
+        VALUE *ary;
+        long i;
+        VALUE rv;
+        struct nogvl_args args;
+
+        /*
+         * allocating page_size instead of OP_LEN since we'll reuse the
+         * buffer for recvmsg() later, we already checked for
+         * OPLEN <= page_size at initialization
+         */
+        args.iov[2].iov_len = OPLEN;
+        args.iov[2].iov_base = alloca(page_size);
+
+        if (TYPE(addrs) != T_ARRAY)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "addrs must be an Array or String");
+
+        rv = rb_hash_new();
+        ary = RARRAY_PTR(addrs);
+        for (i = RARRAY_LEN(addrs); --i >= 0; ary++)
+                rb_hash_aset(rv, *ary, tcp_stats(&args, *ary));
+
+        return rv;
+}
+
+void Init_raindrops_linux_inet_diag(void)
+{
+        VALUE cRaindrops = rb_const_get(rb_cObject, rb_intern("Raindrops"));
+        VALUE mLinux = rb_define_module_under(cRaindrops, "Linux");
+
+        cListenStats = rb_const_get(cRaindrops, rb_intern("ListenStats"));
+
+        rb_define_module_function(mLinux, "tcp_listener_stats",
+                                  tcp_listener_stats, 1);
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_STRUCT_ALLOC_NOINIT
+        id_new = rb_intern("new");
+#endif
+        rb_require("raindrops/linux");
+
+        page_size = getpagesize();
+
+        assert(OPLEN <= page_size && "bytecode OPLEN is no <= PAGE_SIZE");
+}
diff --git a/ext/raindrops/raindrops.c b/ext/raindrops/raindrops.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65e3947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/raindrops/raindrops.c
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/*
+ * most modern CPUs have a cache-line size of 64 or 128.
+ * We choose a bigger one by default since our structure is not
+ * heavily used
+ */
+#ifndef CACHE_LINE_SIZE
+#  define CACHE_LINE_SIZE 128
+#endif
+
+/* each raindrop is a counter */
+struct raindrop {
+        union {
+                unsigned long counter;
+                unsigned char padding[CACHE_LINE_SIZE];
+        } as;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+/* allow mmap-ed regions can store more than one raindrop */
+struct raindrops {
+        long size;
+        struct raindrop *drops;
+};
+
+/* called by GC */
+static void evaporate(void *ptr)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r = ptr;
+
+        if (r->drops) {
+                int rv = munmap(r->drops, sizeof(struct raindrop) * r->size);
+                if (rv != 0)
+                        rb_bug("munmap failed in gc: %s", strerror(errno));
+        }
+
+        xfree(ptr);
+}
+
+/* automatically called at creation (before initialize) */
+static VALUE alloc(VALUE klass)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r;
+
+        return Data_Make_Struct(klass, struct raindrops, NULL, evaporate, r);
+}
+
+static struct raindrops *get(VALUE self)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r;
+
+        Data_Get_Struct(self, struct raindrops, r);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+/* initializes a Raindrops object to hold +size+ elements */
+static VALUE init(VALUE self, VALUE size)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r = get(self);
+        int tries = 1;
+
+        if (r->drops)
+                rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "already initialized");
+
+        r->size = NUM2LONG(size);
+        if (r->size < 1)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "size must be >= 1");
+
+retry:
+        r->drops = mmap(NULL, sizeof(struct raindrop) * r->size,
+                        PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
+        if (r->drops == MAP_FAILED) {
+                if ((errno == EAGAIN || errno == ENOMEM) && tries-- > 0) {
+                        rb_gc();
+                        goto retry;
+                }
+                rb_sys_fail("mmap");
+        }
+
+        return self;
+}
+
+/* :nodoc */
+static VALUE init_copy(VALUE dest, VALUE source)
+{
+        struct raindrops *dst = get(dest);
+        struct raindrops *src = get(source);
+
+        init(dest, LONG2NUM(src->size));
+        memcpy(dst->drops, src->drops, sizeof(struct raindrop) * src->size);
+
+        return dest;
+}
+
+static unsigned long *addr_of(VALUE self, VALUE index)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r = get(self);
+        unsigned long off = FIX2ULONG(index) * sizeof(struct raindrop);
+
+        if (off >= sizeof(struct raindrop) * r->size)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "offset overrun");
+
+        return (unsigned long *)((unsigned long)r->drops + off);
+}
+
+static unsigned long incr_decr_arg(int argc, const VALUE *argv)
+{
+        if (argc > 2 || argc < 1)
+                rb_raise(rb_eArgError,
+                         "wrong number of arguments (%d for 1+)", argc);
+
+        return argc == 2 ? NUM2ULONG(argv[1]) : 1;
+}
+
+/* increments the value referred to by the +index+ constant by 1 */
+static VALUE incr(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+        unsigned long nr = incr_decr_arg(argc, argv);
+
+        return ULONG2NUM(__sync_add_and_fetch(addr_of(self, argv[0]), nr));
+}
+
+/* decrements the value referred to by the +index+ constant by 1 */
+static VALUE decr(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+        unsigned long nr = incr_decr_arg(argc, argv);
+
+        return ULONG2NUM(__sync_sub_and_fetch(addr_of(self, argv[0]), nr));
+}
+
+/* converts the raindrops structure to an Array */
+static VALUE to_ary(VALUE self)
+{
+        struct raindrops *r = get(self);
+        VALUE rv = rb_ary_new2(r->size);
+        long i;
+        unsigned long base = (unsigned long)r->drops;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < r->size; i++) {
+                rb_ary_push(rv, ULONG2NUM(*((unsigned long *)base)));
+                base += sizeof(struct raindrop);
+        }
+
+        return rv;
+}
+
+static VALUE size(VALUE self)
+{
+        return LONG2NUM(get(self)->size);
+}
+
+static VALUE aset(VALUE self, VALUE index, VALUE value)
+{
+        unsigned long *addr = addr_of(self, index);
+
+        *addr = NUM2ULONG(value);
+
+        return value;
+}
+
+static VALUE aref(VALUE self, VALUE index)
+{
+        return  ULONG2NUM(*addr_of(self, index));
+}
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+void Init_raindrops_linux_inet_diag(void);
+#endif
+
+void Init_raindrops_ext(void)
+{
+        VALUE cRaindrops = rb_define_class("Raindrops", rb_cObject);
+        rb_define_alloc_func(cRaindrops, alloc);
+
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "initialize", init, 1);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "incr", incr, -1);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "decr", decr, -1);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "to_ary", to_ary, 0);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "[]", aref, 1);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "[]=", aset, 2);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "size", size, 0);
+        rb_define_method(cRaindrops, "initialize_copy", init_copy, 1);
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+        Init_raindrops_linux_inet_diag();
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/lib/raindrops.rb b/lib/raindrops.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..693358a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/raindrops.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+class Raindrops
+
+  # Used to represent the number of +active+ and +queued+ sockets for
+  # a single listen socket across all threads and processes on a
+  # machine.
+  #
+  # For TCP listeners, only sockets in the TCP_ESTABLISHED state are
+  # accounted for.  For Unix domain listeners, only CONNECTING and
+  # CONNECTED Unix domain sockets are accounted for.
+  #
+  # +active+ connections is the number of accept()-ed but not-yet-closed
+  # sockets in all threads/processes sharing the given listener.
+  #
+  # +queued+ connections is the number of un-accept()-ed sockets in the
+  # queue of a given listen socket.
+  #
+  # These stats are currently only available under Linux
+  class ListenStats < Struct.new(:active, :queued)
+
+    # the sum of +active+ and +queued+ sockets
+    def total
+      active + queued
+    end
+  end
+
+  # TODO: pure Ruby version for single processes
+  require 'raindrops_ext'
+
+  autoload :Struct, 'raindrops/struct'
+  autoload :Middleware, 'raindrops/middleware'
+end
diff --git a/lib/raindrops/linux.rb b/lib/raindrops/linux.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6dff73f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/raindrops/linux.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+class Raindrops
+module Linux
+
+  # The standard proc path for active UNIX domain sockets, feel free to call
+  # String#replace on this if your /proc is mounted in a non-standard location
+  # for whatever reason
+  PROC_NET_UNIX = "/proc/net/unix"
+
+  # Get ListenStats from an array of +paths+
+  #
+  # Socket state mapping from integer => symbol, based on socket_state
+  # enum from include/linux/net.h in the Linux kernel:
+  #     typedef enum {
+  #             SS_FREE = 0,              /* not allocated                */
+  #             SS_UNCONNECTED,           /* unconnected to any socket    */
+  #             SS_CONNECTING,            /* in process of connecting     */
+  #             SS_CONNECTED,             /* connected to socket          */
+  #             SS_DISCONNECTING          /* in process of disconnecting  */
+  #     } socket_state;
+  # * SS_CONNECTING maps to ListenStats#active
+  # * SS_CONNECTED maps to ListenStats#queued
+  #
+  # This method may be significantly slower than its tcp_listener_stats
+  # counterpart due to the latter being able to use inet_diag via netlink.
+  # This parses /proc/net/unix as there is no other (known) way
+  # to expose Unix domain socket statistics over netlink.
+  def unix_listener_stats(paths)
+    rv = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k.freeze] = ListenStats.new(0, 0) }
+    paths = paths.map do |path|
+      path = path.dup
+      path.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) if defined?(Encoding)
+      rv[path]
+      Regexp.escape(path)
+    end
+    paths = / 00000000 \d+ (\d+)\s+\d+ (#{paths.join('|')})$/n
+
+    # no point in pread since we can't stat for size on this file
+    File.open(PROC_NET_UNIX, "rb") do |fp|
+      fp.read.scan(paths).each do |s|
+        path = s.last
+        case s.first.to_i
+        when 2 then rv[path].queued += 1
+        when 3 then rv[path].active += 1
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    rv
+  end
+
+  module_function :unix_listener_stats
+
+end # Linux
+end # Raindrops
diff --git a/lib/raindrops/middleware.rb b/lib/raindrops/middleware.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ef6368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/raindrops/middleware.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'raindrops'
+
+# Raindrops middleware should be loaded at the top of Rack
+# middleware stack before other middlewares for maximum accuracy.
+class Raindrops
+class Middleware < ::Struct.new(:app, :stats, :path, :tcp, :unix)
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  Stats = Raindrops::Struct.new(:calling, :writing)
+  PATH_INFO = "PATH_INFO"
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  def initialize(app, opts = {})
+    super(app, opts[:stats] || Stats.new, opts[:path] || "/_raindrops")
+    if tmp = opts[:listeners]
+      self.tcp = tmp.grep(/\A[^:]+:\d+\z/)
+      self.unix = tmp.grep(%r{\A/})
+      self.tcp = nil if tcp.empty?
+      self.unix = nil if unix.empty?
+    end
+  end
+
+  # standard Rack endpoing
+  def call(env)
+    env[PATH_INFO] == path ? stats_response : dup._call(env)
+  end
+
+  def _call(env)
+    stats.incr_calling
+    status, headers, self.app = app.call(env)
+
+    # the Rack server will start writing headers soon after this method
+    stats.incr_writing
+    [ status, headers, self ]
+    ensure
+      stats.decr_calling
+  end
+
+  # yield to the Rack server here for writing
+  def each(&block)
+    app.each(&block)
+  end
+
+  # the Rack server should call this after #each (usually ensure-d)
+  def close
+    stats.decr_writing
+    ensure
+      app.close if app.respond_to?(:close)
+  end
+
+  def stats_response
+    body = "calling: #{stats.calling}\n" \
+           "writing: #{stats.writing}\n"
+
+    if defined?(Linux)
+      Linux.tcp_listener_stats(tcp).each do |addr,stats|
+        body << "#{addr} active: #{stats.active}\n" \
+                "#{addr} queued: #{stats.queued}\n"
+      end if tcp
+      Linux.unix_listener_stats(unix).each do |addr,stats|
+        body << "#{addr} active: #{stats.active}\n" \
+                "#{addr} queued: #{stats.queued}\n"
+      end if unix
+    end
+
+    headers = {
+      "Content-Type" => "text/plain",
+      "Content-Length" => body.size.to_s,
+    }
+    [ 200, headers, [ body ] ]
+  end
+
+end
+end
diff --git a/lib/raindrops/struct.rb b/lib/raindrops/struct.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca5404d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/raindrops/struct.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+
+class Raindrops::Struct
+
+  def self.new(*members)
+    members = members.map { |x| x.to_sym }.freeze
+    str = <<EOS
+def initialize(*values)
+  (MEMBERS.size >= values.size) or raise ArgumentError, "too many arguments"
+  @raindrops = Raindrops.new(MEMBERS.size)
+  values.each_with_index { |val,i| @raindrops[i] = values[i] }
+end
+
+def initialize_copy(src)
+  @raindrops = src.instance_variable_get(:@raindrops).dup
+end
+
+def []=(index, value)
+  @raindrops[index] = value
+end
+
+def [](index)
+  @raindrops[index]
+end
+
+def to_hash
+  ary = @raindrops.to_ary
+  rv = {}
+  MEMBERS.each_with_index { |member, i| rv[member] = ary[i] }
+  rv
+end
+EOS
+
+    members.each_with_index do |member, i|
+      str << "def incr_#{member}; @raindrops.incr(#{i}); end; " \
+             "def decr_#{member}; @raindrops.decr(#{i}); end; " \
+             "def #{member}; @raindrops[#{i}]; end; " \
+             "def #{member}=(val); @raindrops[#{i}] = val; end; "
+    end
+
+    klass = Class.new
+    klass.const_set(:MEMBERS, members)
+    klass.class_eval(str)
+    klass
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/raindrops.gemspec b/raindrops.gemspec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b175f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/raindrops.gemspec
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+
+ENV["VERSION"] or abort "VERSION= must be specified"
+manifest = File.readlines('.manifest').map! { |x| x.chomp! }
+test_files = manifest.grep(%r{\Atest/test_.*\.rb\z})
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+  s.name = %q{raindrops}
+  s.version = ENV["VERSION"]
+
+  s.authors = ["raindrops hackers"]
+  s.date = Time.now.utc.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
+  s.description = File.read("README").split(/\n\n/)[1]
+  s.email = %q{raindrops@librelist.com}
+  s.extensions = %w(ext/raindrops/extconf.rb)
+
+  s.extra_rdoc_files = File.readlines('.document').map! do |x|
+    x.chomp!
+    if File.directory?(x)
+      manifest.grep(%r{\A#{x}/})
+    elsif File.file?(x)
+      x
+    else
+      nil
+    end
+  end.flatten.compact
+
+  s.files = manifest
+  s.homepage = %q{http://raindrops.bogomips.org/}
+  s.summary = %q{real-time stats for Rack servers}
+  s.rdoc_options = [ "-Na", "-t", "raindrops - #{s.summary}" ]
+  s.require_paths = %w(lib)
+  s.rubyforge_project = %q{raindrops}
+
+  s.test_files = test_files
+
+  # s.licenses = %w(LGPLv3) # accessor not compatible with older RubyGems
+end
diff --git a/setup.rb b/setup.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5eb5006
--- /dev/null
+++ b/setup.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,1586 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+#
+# setup.rb
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Minero Aoki
+#
+# This program is free software.
+# You can distribute/modify this program under the terms of
+# the GNU LGPL, Lesser General Public License version 2.1.
+#
+
+unless Enumerable.method_defined?(:map)   # Ruby 1.4.6
+  module Enumerable
+    alias map collect
+  end
+end
+
+unless File.respond_to?(:read)   # Ruby 1.6
+  def File.read(fname)
+    open(fname) {|f|
+      return f.read
+    }
+  end
+end
+
+unless Errno.const_defined?(:ENOTEMPTY)   # Windows?
+  module Errno
+    class ENOTEMPTY
+      # We do not raise this exception, implementation is not needed.
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def File.binread(fname)
+  open(fname, 'rb') {|f|
+    return f.read
+  }
+end
+
+# for corrupted Windows' stat(2)
+def File.dir?(path)
+  File.directory?((path[-1,1] == '/') ? path : path + '/')
+end
+
+
+class ConfigTable
+
+  include Enumerable
+
+  def initialize(rbconfig)
+    @rbconfig = rbconfig
+    @items = []
+    @table = {}
+    # options
+    @install_prefix = nil
+    @config_opt = nil
+    @verbose = true
+    @no_harm = false
+  end
+
+  attr_accessor :install_prefix
+  attr_accessor :config_opt
+
+  attr_writer :verbose
+
+  def verbose?
+    @verbose
+  end
+
+  attr_writer :no_harm
+
+  def no_harm?
+    @no_harm
+  end
+
+  def [](key)
+    lookup(key).resolve(self)
+  end
+
+  def []=(key, val)
+    lookup(key).set val
+  end
+
+  def names
+    @items.map {|i| i.name }
+  end
+
+  def each(&block)
+    @items.each(&block)
+  end
+
+  def key?(name)
+    @table.key?(name)
+  end
+
+  def lookup(name)
+    @table[name] or setup_rb_error "no such config item: #{name}"
+  end
+
+  def add(item)
+    @items.push item
+    @table[item.name] = item
+  end
+
+  def remove(name)
+    item = lookup(name)
+    @items.delete_if {|i| i.name == name }
+    @table.delete_if {|name, i| i.name == name }
+    item
+  end
+
+  def load_script(path, inst = nil)
+    if File.file?(path)
+      MetaConfigEnvironment.new(self, inst).instance_eval File.read(path), path
+    end
+  end
+
+  def savefile
+    '.config'
+  end
+
+  def load_savefile
+    begin
+      File.foreach(savefile()) do |line|
+        k, v = *line.split(/=/, 2)
+        self[k] = v.strip
+      end
+    rescue Errno::ENOENT
+      setup_rb_error $!.message + "\n#{File.basename($0)} config first"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def save
+    @items.each {|i| i.value }
+    File.open(savefile(), 'w') {|f|
+      @items.each do |i|
+        f.printf "%s=%s\n", i.name, i.value if i.value? and i.value
+      end
+    }
+  end
+
+  def load_standard_entries
+    standard_entries(@rbconfig).each do |ent|
+      add ent
+    end
+  end
+
+  def standard_entries(rbconfig)
+    c = rbconfig
+
+    rubypath = File.join(c['bindir'], c['ruby_install_name'] + c['EXEEXT'])
+
+    major = c['MAJOR'].to_i
+    minor = c['MINOR'].to_i
+    teeny = c['TEENY'].to_i
+    version = "#{major}.#{minor}"
+
+    # ruby ver. >= 1.4.4?
+    newpath_p = ((major >= 2) or
+                 ((major == 1) and
+                  ((minor >= 5) or
+                   ((minor == 4) and (teeny >= 4)))))
+
+    if c['rubylibdir']
+      # V > 1.6.3
+      libruby         = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby"
+      librubyver      = c['rubylibdir']
+      librubyverarch  = c['archdir']
+      siteruby        = c['sitedir']
+      siterubyver     = c['sitelibdir']
+      siterubyverarch = c['sitearchdir']
+    elsif newpath_p
+      # 1.4.4 <= V <= 1.6.3
+      libruby         = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby"
+      librubyver      = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby/#{version}"
+      librubyverarch  = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby/#{version}/#{c['arch']}"
+      siteruby        = c['sitedir']
+      siterubyver     = "$siteruby/#{version}"
+      siterubyverarch = "$siterubyver/#{c['arch']}"
+    else
+      # V < 1.4.4
+      libruby         = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby"
+      librubyver      = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby/#{version}"
+      librubyverarch  = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby/#{version}/#{c['arch']}"
+      siteruby        = "#{c['prefix']}/lib/ruby/#{version}/site_ruby"
+      siterubyver     = siteruby
+      siterubyverarch = "$siterubyver/#{c['arch']}"
+    end
+    parameterize = lambda {|path|
+      path.sub(/\A#{Regexp.quote(c['prefix'])}/, '$prefix')
+    }
+
+    if arg = c['configure_args'].split.detect {|arg| /--with-make-prog=/ =~ arg }
+      makeprog = arg.sub(/'/, '').split(/=/, 2)[1]
+    else
+      makeprog = 'make'
+    end
+
+    [
+      ExecItem.new('installdirs', 'std/site/home',
+                   'std: install under libruby; site: install under site_ruby; home: install under $HOME')\
+          {|val, table|
+            case val
+            when 'std'
+              table['rbdir'] = '$librubyver'
+              table['sodir'] = '$librubyverarch'
+            when 'site'
+              table['rbdir'] = '$siterubyver'
+              table['sodir'] = '$siterubyverarch'
+            when 'home'
+              setup_rb_error '$HOME was not set' unless ENV['HOME']
+              table['prefix'] = ENV['HOME']
+              table['rbdir'] = '$libdir/ruby'
+              table['sodir'] = '$libdir/ruby'
+            end
+          },
+      PathItem.new('prefix', 'path', c['prefix'],
+                   'path prefix of target environment'),
+      PathItem.new('bindir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['bindir']),
+                   'the directory for commands'),
+      PathItem.new('libdir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['libdir']),
+                   'the directory for libraries'),
+      PathItem.new('datadir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['datadir']),
+                   'the directory for shared data'),
+      PathItem.new('mandir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['mandir']),
+                   'the directory for man pages'),
+      PathItem.new('sysconfdir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['sysconfdir']),
+                   'the directory for system configuration files'),
+      PathItem.new('localstatedir', 'path', parameterize.call(c['localstatedir']),
+                   'the directory for local state data'),
+      PathItem.new('libruby', 'path', libruby,
+                   'the directory for ruby libraries'),
+      PathItem.new('librubyver', 'path', librubyver,
+                   'the directory for standard ruby libraries'),
+      PathItem.new('librubyverarch', 'path', librubyverarch,
+                   'the directory for standard ruby extensions'),
+      PathItem.new('siteruby', 'path', siteruby,
+          'the directory for version-independent aux ruby libraries'),
+      PathItem.new('siterubyver', 'path', siterubyver,
+                   'the directory for aux ruby libraries'),
+      PathItem.new('siterubyverarch', 'path', siterubyverarch,
+                   'the directory for aux ruby binaries'),
+      PathItem.new('rbdir', 'path', '$siterubyver',
+                   'the directory for ruby scripts'),
+      PathItem.new('sodir', 'path', '$siterubyverarch',
+                   'the directory for ruby extentions'),
+      PathItem.new('rubypath', 'path', rubypath,
+                   'the path to set to #! line'),
+      ProgramItem.new('rubyprog', 'name', rubypath,
+                      'the ruby program using for installation'),
+      ProgramItem.new('makeprog', 'name', makeprog,
+                      'the make program to compile ruby extentions'),
+      SelectItem.new('shebang', 'all/ruby/never', 'ruby',
+                     'shebang line (#!) editing mode'),
+      BoolItem.new('without-ext', 'yes/no', 'no',
+                   'does not compile/install ruby extentions')
+    ]
+  end
+  private :standard_entries
+
+  def load_multipackage_entries
+    multipackage_entries().each do |ent|
+      add ent
+    end
+  end
+
+  def multipackage_entries
+    [
+      PackageSelectionItem.new('with', 'name,name...', '', 'ALL',
+                               'package names that you want to install'),
+      PackageSelectionItem.new('without', 'name,name...', '', 'NONE',
+                               'package names that you do not want to install')
+    ]
+  end
+  private :multipackage_entries
+
+  ALIASES = {
+    'std-ruby'         => 'librubyver',
+    'stdruby'          => 'librubyver',
+    'rubylibdir'       => 'librubyver',
+    'archdir'          => 'librubyverarch',
+    'site-ruby-common' => 'siteruby',     # For backward compatibility
+    'site-ruby'        => 'siterubyver',  # For backward compatibility
+    'bin-dir'          => 'bindir',
+    'bin-dir'          => 'bindir',
+    'rb-dir'           => 'rbdir',
+    'so-dir'           => 'sodir',
+    'data-dir'         => 'datadir',
+    'ruby-path'        => 'rubypath',
+    'ruby-prog'        => 'rubyprog',
+    'ruby'             => 'rubyprog',
+    'make-prog'        => 'makeprog',
+    'make'             => 'makeprog'
+  }
+
+  def fixup
+    ALIASES.each do |ali, name|
+      @table[ali] = @table[name]
+    end
+    @items.freeze
+    @table.freeze
+    @options_re = /\A--(#{@table.keys.join('|')})(?:=(.*))?\z/
+  end
+
+  def parse_opt(opt)
+    m = @options_re.match(opt) or setup_rb_error "config: unknown option #{opt}"
+    m.to_a[1,2]
+  end
+
+  def dllext
+    @rbconfig['DLEXT']
+  end
+
+  def value_config?(name)
+    lookup(name).value?
+  end
+
+  class Item
+    def initialize(name, template, default, desc)
+      @name = name.freeze
+      @template = template
+      @value = default
+      @default = default
+      @description = desc
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :name
+    attr_reader :description
+
+    attr_accessor :default
+    alias help_default default
+
+    def help_opt
+      "--#{@name}=#{@template}"
+    end
+
+    def value?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def value
+      @value
+    end
+
+    def resolve(table)
+      @value.gsub(%r<\$([^/]+)>) { table[$1] }
+    end
+
+    def set(val)
+      @value = check(val)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check(val)
+      setup_rb_error "config: --#{name} requires argument" unless val
+      val
+    end
+  end
+
+  class BoolItem < Item
+    def config_type
+      'bool'
+    end
+
+    def help_opt
+      "--#{@name}"
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check(val)
+      return 'yes' unless val
+      case val
+      when /\Ay(es)?\z/i, /\At(rue)?\z/i then 'yes'
+      when /\An(o)?\z/i, /\Af(alse)\z/i  then 'no'
+      else
+        setup_rb_error "config: --#{@name} accepts only yes/no for argument"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class PathItem < Item
+    def config_type
+      'path'
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check(path)
+      setup_rb_error "config: --#{@name} requires argument"  unless path
+      path[0,1] == '$' ? path : File.expand_path(path)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ProgramItem < Item
+    def config_type
+      'program'
+    end
+  end
+
+  class SelectItem < Item
+    def initialize(name, selection, default, desc)
+      super
+      @ok = selection.split('/')
+    end
+
+    def config_type
+      'select'
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check(val)
+      unless @ok.include?(val.strip)
+        setup_rb_error "config: use --#{@name}=#{@template} (#{val})"
+      end
+      val.strip
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ExecItem < Item
+    def initialize(name, selection, desc, &block)
+      super name, selection, nil, desc
+      @ok = selection.split('/')
+      @action = block
+    end
+
+    def config_type
+      'exec'
+    end
+
+    def value?
+      false
+    end
+
+    def resolve(table)
+      setup_rb_error "$#{name()} wrongly used as option value"
+    end
+
+    undef set
+
+    def evaluate(val, table)
+      v = val.strip.downcase
+      unless @ok.include?(v)
+        setup_rb_error "invalid option --#{@name}=#{val} (use #{@template})"
+      end
+      @action.call v, table
+    end
+  end
+
+  class PackageSelectionItem < Item
+    def initialize(name, template, default, help_default, desc)
+      super name, template, default, desc
+      @help_default = help_default
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :help_default
+
+    def config_type
+      'package'
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def check(val)
+      unless File.dir?("packages/#{val}")
+        setup_rb_error "config: no such package: #{val}"
+      end
+      val
+    end
+  end
+
+  class MetaConfigEnvironment
+    def initialize(config, installer)
+      @config = config
+      @installer = installer
+    end
+
+    def config_names
+      @config.names
+    end
+
+    def config?(name)
+      @config.key?(name)
+    end
+
+    def bool_config?(name)
+      @config.lookup(name).config_type == 'bool'
+    end
+
+    def path_config?(name)
+      @config.lookup(name).config_type == 'path'
+    end
+
+    def value_config?(name)
+      @config.lookup(name).config_type != 'exec'
+    end
+
+    def add_config(item)
+      @config.add item
+    end
+
+    def add_bool_config(name, default, desc)
+      @config.add BoolItem.new(name, 'yes/no', default ? 'yes' : 'no', desc)
+    end
+
+    def add_path_config(name, default, desc)
+      @config.add PathItem.new(name, 'path', default, desc)
+    end
+
+    def set_config_default(name, default)
+      @config.lookup(name).default = default
+    end
+
+    def remove_config(name)
+      @config.remove(name)
+    end
+
+    # For only multipackage
+    def packages
+      raise '[setup.rb fatal] multi-package metaconfig API packages() called for single-package; contact application package vendor' unless @installer
+      @installer.packages
+    end
+
+    # For only multipackage
+    def declare_packages(list)
+      raise '[setup.rb fatal] multi-package metaconfig API declare_packages() called for single-package; contact application package vendor' unless @installer
+      @installer.packages = list
+    end
+  end
+
+end   # class ConfigTable
+
+
+# This module requires: #verbose?, #no_harm?
+module FileOperations
+
+  def mkdir_p(dirname, prefix = nil)
+    dirname = prefix + File.expand_path(dirname) if prefix
+    $stderr.puts "mkdir -p #{dirname}" if verbose?
+    return if no_harm?
+
+    # Does not check '/', it's too abnormal.
+    dirs = File.expand_path(dirname).split(%r<(?=/)>)
+    if /\A[a-z]:\z/i =~ dirs[0]
+      disk = dirs.shift
+      dirs[0] = disk + dirs[0]
+    end
+    dirs.each_index do |idx|
+      path = dirs[0..idx].join('')
+      Dir.mkdir path unless File.dir?(path)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def rm_f(path)
+    $stderr.puts "rm -f #{path}" if verbose?
+    return if no_harm?
+    force_remove_file path
+  end
+
+  def rm_rf(path)
+    $stderr.puts "rm -rf #{path}" if verbose?
+    return if no_harm?
+    remove_tree path
+  end
+
+  def remove_tree(path)
+    if File.symlink?(path)
+      remove_file path
+    elsif File.dir?(path)
+      remove_tree0 path
+    else
+      force_remove_file path
+    end
+  end
+
+  def remove_tree0(path)
+    Dir.foreach(path) do |ent|
+      next if ent == '.'
+      next if ent == '..'
+      entpath = "#{path}/#{ent}"
+      if File.symlink?(entpath)
+        remove_file entpath
+      elsif File.dir?(entpath)
+        remove_tree0 entpath
+      else
+        force_remove_file entpath
+      end
+    end
+    begin
+      Dir.rmdir path
+    rescue Errno::ENOTEMPTY
+      # directory may not be empty
+    end
+  end
+
+  def move_file(src, dest)
+    force_remove_file dest
+    begin
+      File.rename src, dest
+    rescue
+      File.open(dest, 'wb') {|f|
+        f.write File.binread(src)
+      }
+      File.chmod File.stat(src).mode, dest
+      File.unlink src
+    end
+  end
+
+  def force_remove_file(path)
+    begin
+      remove_file path
+    rescue
+    end
+  end
+
+  def remove_file(path)
+    File.chmod 0777, path
+    File.unlink path
+  end
+
+  def install(from, dest, mode, prefix = nil)
+    $stderr.puts "install #{from} #{dest}" if verbose?
+    return if no_harm?
+
+    realdest = prefix ? prefix + File.expand_path(dest) : dest
+    realdest = File.join(realdest, File.basename(from)) if File.dir?(realdest)
+    str = File.binread(from)
+    if diff?(str, realdest)
+      verbose_off {
+        rm_f realdest if File.exist?(realdest)
+      }
+      File.open(realdest, 'wb') {|f|
+        f.write str
+      }
+      File.chmod mode, realdest
+
+      File.open("#{objdir_root()}/InstalledFiles", 'a') {|f|
+        if prefix
+          f.puts realdest.sub(prefix, '')
+        else
+          f.puts realdest
+        end
+      }
+    end
+  end
+
+  def diff?(new_content, path)
+    return true unless File.exist?(path)
+    new_content != File.binread(path)
+  end
+
+  def command(*args)
+    $stderr.puts args.join(' ') if verbose?
+    system(*args) or raise RuntimeError,
+        "system(#{args.map{|a| a.inspect }.join(' ')}) failed"
+  end
+
+  def ruby(*args)
+    command config('rubyprog'), *args
+  end
+
+  def make(task = nil)
+    command(*[config('makeprog'), task].compact)
+  end
+
+  def extdir?(dir)
+    File.exist?("#{dir}/MANIFEST") or File.exist?("#{dir}/extconf.rb")
+  end
+
+  def files_of(dir)
+    Dir.open(dir) {|d|
+      return d.select {|ent| File.file?("#{dir}/#{ent}") }
+    }
+  end
+
+  DIR_REJECT = %w( . .. CVS SCCS RCS CVS.adm .svn )
+
+  def directories_of(dir)
+    Dir.open(dir) {|d|
+      return d.select {|ent| File.dir?("#{dir}/#{ent}") } - DIR_REJECT
+    }
+  end
+
+end
+
+
+# This module requires: #srcdir_root, #objdir_root, #relpath
+module HookScriptAPI
+
+  def get_config(key)
+    @config[key]
+  end
+
+  alias config get_config
+
+  # obsolete: use metaconfig to change configuration
+  def set_config(key, val)
+    @config[key] = val
+  end
+
+  #
+  # srcdir/objdir (works only in the package directory)
+  #
+
+  def curr_srcdir
+    "#{srcdir_root()}/#{relpath()}"
+  end
+
+  def curr_objdir
+    "#{objdir_root()}/#{relpath()}"
+  end
+
+  def srcfile(path)
+    "#{curr_srcdir()}/#{path}"
+  end
+
+  def srcexist?(path)
+    File.exist?(srcfile(path))
+  end
+
+  def srcdirectory?(path)
+    File.dir?(srcfile(path))
+  end
+
+  def srcfile?(path)
+    File.file?(srcfile(path))
+  end
+
+  def srcentries(path = '.')
+    Dir.open("#{curr_srcdir()}/#{path}") {|d|
+      return d.to_a - %w(. ..)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def srcfiles(path = '.')
+    srcentries(path).select {|fname|
+      File.file?(File.join(curr_srcdir(), path, fname))
+    }
+  end
+
+  def srcdirectories(path = '.')
+    srcentries(path).select {|fname|
+      File.dir?(File.join(curr_srcdir(), path, fname))
+    }
+  end
+
+end
+
+
+class ToplevelInstaller
+
+  Version   = '3.4.1'
+  Copyright = 'Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Minero Aoki'
+
+  TASKS = [
+    [ 'all',      'do config, setup, then install' ],
+    [ 'config',   'saves your configurations' ],
+    [ 'show',     'shows current configuration' ],
+    [ 'setup',    'compiles ruby extentions and others' ],
+    [ 'install',  'installs files' ],
+    [ 'test',     'run all tests in test/' ],
+    [ 'clean',    "does `make clean' for each extention" ],
+    [ 'distclean',"does `make distclean' for each extention" ]
+  ]
+
+  def ToplevelInstaller.invoke
+    config = ConfigTable.new(load_rbconfig())
+    config.load_standard_entries
+    config.load_multipackage_entries if multipackage?
+    config.fixup
+    klass = (multipackage?() ? ToplevelInstallerMulti : ToplevelInstaller)
+    klass.new(File.dirname($0), config).invoke
+  end
+
+  def ToplevelInstaller.multipackage?
+    File.dir?(File.dirname($0) + '/packages')
+  end
+
+  def ToplevelInstaller.load_rbconfig
+    if arg = ARGV.detect {|arg| /\A--rbconfig=/ =~ arg }
+      ARGV.delete(arg)
+      load File.expand_path(arg.split(/=/, 2)[1])
+      $".push 'rbconfig.rb'
+    else
+      require 'rbconfig'
+    end
+    ::Config::CONFIG
+  end
+
+  def initialize(ardir_root, config)
+    @ardir = File.expand_path(ardir_root)
+    @config = config
+    # cache
+    @valid_task_re = nil
+  end
+
+  def config(key)
+    @config[key]
+  end
+
+  def inspect
+    "#<#{self.class} #{__id__()}>"
+  end
+
+  def invoke
+    run_metaconfigs
+    case task = parsearg_global()
+    when nil, 'all'
+      parsearg_config
+      init_installers
+      exec_config
+      exec_setup
+      exec_install
+    else
+      case task
+      when 'config', 'test'
+        ;
+      when 'clean', 'distclean'
+        @config.load_savefile if File.exist?(@config.savefile)
+      else
+        @config.load_savefile
+      end
+      __send__ "parsearg_#{task}"
+      init_installers
+      __send__ "exec_#{task}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def run_metaconfigs
+    @config.load_script "#{@ardir}/metaconfig"
+  end
+
+  def init_installers
+    @installer = Installer.new(@config, @ardir, File.expand_path('.'))
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Hook Script API bases
+  #
+
+  def srcdir_root
+    @ardir
+  end
+
+  def objdir_root
+    '.'
+  end
+
+  def relpath
+    '.'
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Option Parsing
+  #
+
+  def parsearg_global
+    while arg = ARGV.shift
+      case arg
+      when /\A\w+\z/
+        setup_rb_error "invalid task: #{arg}" unless valid_task?(arg)
+        return arg
+      when '-q', '--quiet'
+        @config.verbose = false
+      when '--verbose'
+        @config.verbose = true
+      when '--help'
+        print_usage $stdout
+        exit 0
+      when '--version'
+        puts "#{File.basename($0)} version #{Version}"
+        exit 0
+      when '--copyright'
+        puts Copyright
+        exit 0
+      else
+        setup_rb_error "unknown global option '#{arg}'"
+      end
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  def valid_task?(t)
+    valid_task_re() =~ t
+  end
+
+  def valid_task_re
+    @valid_task_re ||= /\A(?:#{TASKS.map {|task,desc| task }.join('|')})\z/
+  end
+
+  def parsearg_no_options
+    unless ARGV.empty?
+      task = caller(0).first.slice(%r<`parsearg_(\w+)'>, 1)
+      setup_rb_error "#{task}: unknown options: #{ARGV.join(' ')}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias parsearg_show       parsearg_no_options
+  alias parsearg_setup      parsearg_no_options
+  alias parsearg_test       parsearg_no_options
+  alias parsearg_clean      parsearg_no_options
+  alias parsearg_distclean  parsearg_no_options
+
+  def parsearg_config
+    evalopt = []
+    set = []
+    @config.config_opt = []
+    while i = ARGV.shift
+      if /\A--?\z/ =~ i
+        @config.config_opt = ARGV.dup
+        break
+      end
+      name, value = *@config.parse_opt(i)
+      if @config.value_config?(name)
+        @config[name] = value
+      else
+        evalopt.push [name, value]
+      end
+      set.push name
+    end
+    evalopt.each do |name, value|
+      @config.lookup(name).evaluate value, @config
+    end
+    # Check if configuration is valid
+    set.each do |n|
+      @config[n] if @config.value_config?(n)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def parsearg_install
+    @config.no_harm = false
+    @config.install_prefix = ''
+    while a = ARGV.shift
+      case a
+      when '--no-harm'
+        @config.no_harm = true
+      when /\A--prefix=/
+        path = a.split(/=/, 2)[1]
+        path = File.expand_path(path) unless path[0,1] == '/'
+        @config.install_prefix = path
+      else
+        setup_rb_error "install: unknown option #{a}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def print_usage(out)
+    out.puts 'Typical Installation Procedure:'
+    out.puts "  $ ruby #{File.basename $0} config"
+    out.puts "  $ ruby #{File.basename $0} setup"
+    out.puts "  # ruby #{File.basename $0} install (may require root privilege)"
+    out.puts
+    out.puts 'Detailed Usage:'
+    out.puts "  ruby #{File.basename $0} <global option>"
+    out.puts "  ruby #{File.basename $0} [<global options>] <task> [<task options>]"
+
+    fmt = "  %-24s %s\n"
+    out.puts
+    out.puts 'Global options:'
+    out.printf fmt, '-q,--quiet',   'suppress message outputs'
+    out.printf fmt, '   --verbose', 'output messages verbosely'
+    out.printf fmt, '   --help',    'print this message'
+    out.printf fmt, '   --version', 'print version and quit'
+    out.printf fmt, '   --copyright',  'print copyright and quit'
+    out.puts
+    out.puts 'Tasks:'
+    TASKS.each do |name, desc|
+      out.printf fmt, name, desc
+    end
+
+    fmt = "  %-24s %s [%s]\n"
+    out.puts
+    out.puts 'Options for CONFIG or ALL:'
+    @config.each do |item|
+      out.printf fmt, item.help_opt, item.description, item.help_default
+    end
+    out.printf fmt, '--rbconfig=path', 'rbconfig.rb to load',"running ruby's"
+    out.puts
+    out.puts 'Options for INSTALL:'
+    out.printf fmt, '--no-harm', 'only display what to do if given', 'off'
+    out.printf fmt, '--prefix=path',  'install path prefix', ''
+    out.puts
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Task Handlers
+  #
+
+  def exec_config
+    @installer.exec_config
+    @config.save   # must be final
+  end
+
+  def exec_setup
+    @installer.exec_setup
+  end
+
+  def exec_install
+    @installer.exec_install
+  end
+
+  def exec_test
+    @installer.exec_test
+  end
+
+  def exec_show
+    @config.each do |i|
+      printf "%-20s %s\n", i.name, i.value if i.value?
+    end
+  end
+
+  def exec_clean
+    @installer.exec_clean
+  end
+
+  def exec_distclean
+    @installer.exec_distclean
+  end
+
+end   # class ToplevelInstaller
+
+
+class ToplevelInstallerMulti < ToplevelInstaller
+
+  include FileOperations
+
+  def initialize(ardir_root, config)
+    super
+    @packages = directories_of("#{@ardir}/packages")
+    raise 'no package exists' if @packages.empty?
+    @root_installer = Installer.new(@config, @ardir, File.expand_path('.'))
+  end
+
+  def run_metaconfigs
+    @config.load_script "#{@ardir}/metaconfig", self
+    @packages.each do |name|
+      @config.load_script "#{@ardir}/packages/#{name}/metaconfig"
+    end
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :packages
+
+  def packages=(list)
+    raise 'package list is empty' if list.empty?
+    list.each do |name|
+      raise "directory packages/#{name} does not exist"\
+              unless File.dir?("#{@ardir}/packages/#{name}")
+    end
+    @packages = list
+  end
+
+  def init_installers
+    @installers = {}
+    @packages.each do |pack|
+      @installers[pack] = Installer.new(@config,
+                                       "#{@ardir}/packages/#{pack}",
+                                       "packages/#{pack}")
+    end
+    with    = extract_selection(config('with'))
+    without = extract_selection(config('without'))
+    @selected = @installers.keys.select {|name|
+                  (with.empty? or with.include?(name)) \
+                      and not without.include?(name)
+                }
+  end
+
+  def extract_selection(list)
+    a = list.split(/,/)
+    a.each do |name|
+      setup_rb_error "no such package: #{name}"  unless @installers.key?(name)
+    end
+    a
+  end
+
+  def print_usage(f)
+    super
+    f.puts 'Inluded packages:'
+    f.puts '  ' + @packages.sort.join(' ')
+    f.puts
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Task Handlers
+  #
+
+  def exec_config
+    run_hook 'pre-config'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_config }
+    run_hook 'post-config'
+    @config.save   # must be final
+  end
+
+  def exec_setup
+    run_hook 'pre-setup'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_setup }
+    run_hook 'post-setup'
+  end
+
+  def exec_install
+    run_hook 'pre-install'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_install }
+    run_hook 'post-install'
+  end
+
+  def exec_test
+    run_hook 'pre-test'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_test }
+    run_hook 'post-test'
+  end
+
+  def exec_clean
+    rm_f @config.savefile
+    run_hook 'pre-clean'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_clean }
+    run_hook 'post-clean'
+  end
+
+  def exec_distclean
+    rm_f @config.savefile
+    run_hook 'pre-distclean'
+    each_selected_installers {|inst| inst.exec_distclean }
+    run_hook 'post-distclean'
+  end
+
+  #
+  # lib
+  #
+
+  def each_selected_installers
+    Dir.mkdir 'packages' unless File.dir?('packages')
+    @selected.each do |pack|
+      $stderr.puts "Processing the package `#{pack}' ..." if verbose?
+      Dir.mkdir "packages/#{pack}" unless File.dir?("packages/#{pack}")
+      Dir.chdir "packages/#{pack}"
+      yield @installers[pack]
+      Dir.chdir '../..'
+    end
+  end
+
+  def run_hook(id)
+    @root_installer.run_hook id
+  end
+
+  # module FileOperations requires this
+  def verbose?
+    @config.verbose?
+  end
+
+  # module FileOperations requires this
+  def no_harm?
+    @config.no_harm?
+  end
+
+end   # class ToplevelInstallerMulti
+
+
+class Installer
+
+  FILETYPES = %w( bin lib ext data conf man )
+
+  include FileOperations
+  include HookScriptAPI
+
+  def initialize(config, srcroot, objroot)
+    @config = config
+    @srcdir = File.expand_path(srcroot)
+    @objdir = File.expand_path(objroot)
+    @currdir = '.'
+  end
+
+  def inspect
+    "#<#{self.class} #{File.basename(@srcdir)}>"
+  end
+
+  def noop(rel)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Hook Script API base methods
+  #
+
+  def srcdir_root
+    @srcdir
+  end
+
+  def objdir_root
+    @objdir
+  end
+
+  def relpath
+    @currdir
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Config Access
+  #
+
+  # module FileOperations requires this
+  def verbose?
+    @config.verbose?
+  end
+
+  # module FileOperations requires this
+  def no_harm?
+    @config.no_harm?
+  end
+
+  def verbose_off
+    begin
+      save, @config.verbose = @config.verbose?, false
+      yield
+    ensure
+      @config.verbose = save
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK config
+  #
+
+  def exec_config
+    exec_task_traverse 'config'
+  end
+
+  alias config_dir_bin noop
+  alias config_dir_lib noop
+
+  def config_dir_ext(rel)
+    extconf if extdir?(curr_srcdir())
+  end
+
+  alias config_dir_data noop
+  alias config_dir_conf noop
+  alias config_dir_man noop
+
+  def extconf
+    ruby "#{curr_srcdir()}/extconf.rb", *@config.config_opt
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK setup
+  #
+
+  def exec_setup
+    exec_task_traverse 'setup'
+  end
+
+  def setup_dir_bin(rel)
+    files_of(curr_srcdir()).each do |fname|
+      update_shebang_line "#{curr_srcdir()}/#{fname}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias setup_dir_lib noop
+
+  def setup_dir_ext(rel)
+    make if extdir?(curr_srcdir())
+  end
+
+  alias setup_dir_data noop
+  alias setup_dir_conf noop
+  alias setup_dir_man noop
+
+  def update_shebang_line(path)
+    return if no_harm?
+    return if config('shebang') == 'never'
+    old = Shebang.load(path)
+    if old
+      $stderr.puts "warning: #{path}: Shebang line includes too many args.  It is not portable and your program may not work." if old.args.size > 1
+      new = new_shebang(old)
+      return if new.to_s == old.to_s
+    else
+      return unless config('shebang') == 'all'
+      new = Shebang.new(config('rubypath'))
+    end
+    $stderr.puts "updating shebang: #{File.basename(path)}" if verbose?
+    open_atomic_writer(path) {|output|
+      File.open(path, 'rb') {|f|
+        f.gets if old   # discard
+        output.puts new.to_s
+        output.print f.read
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def new_shebang(old)
+    if /\Aruby/ =~ File.basename(old.cmd)
+      Shebang.new(config('rubypath'), old.args)
+    elsif File.basename(old.cmd) == 'env' and old.args.first == 'ruby'
+      Shebang.new(config('rubypath'), old.args[1..-1])
+    else
+      return old unless config('shebang') == 'all'
+      Shebang.new(config('rubypath'))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def open_atomic_writer(path, &block)
+    tmpfile = File.basename(path) + '.tmp'
+    begin
+      File.open(tmpfile, 'wb', &block)
+      File.rename tmpfile, File.basename(path)
+    ensure
+      File.unlink tmpfile if File.exist?(tmpfile)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Shebang
+    def Shebang.load(path)
+      line = nil
+      File.open(path) {|f|
+        line = f.gets
+      }
+      return nil unless /\A#!/ =~ line
+      parse(line)
+    end
+
+    def Shebang.parse(line)
+      cmd, *args = *line.strip.sub(/\A\#!/, '').split(' ')
+      new(cmd, args)
+    end
+
+    def initialize(cmd, args = [])
+      @cmd = cmd
+      @args = args
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :cmd
+    attr_reader :args
+
+    def to_s
+      "#! #{@cmd}" + (@args.empty? ? '' : " #{@args.join(' ')}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK install
+  #
+
+  def exec_install
+    rm_f 'InstalledFiles'
+    exec_task_traverse 'install'
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_bin(rel)
+    install_files targetfiles(), "#{config('bindir')}/#{rel}", 0755
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_lib(rel)
+    install_files libfiles(), "#{config('rbdir')}/#{rel}", 0644
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_ext(rel)
+    return unless extdir?(curr_srcdir())
+    install_files rubyextentions('.'),
+                  "#{config('sodir')}/#{File.dirname(rel)}",
+                  0555
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_data(rel)
+    install_files targetfiles(), "#{config('datadir')}/#{rel}", 0644
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_conf(rel)
+    # FIXME: should not remove current config files
+    # (rename previous file to .old/.org)
+    install_files targetfiles(), "#{config('sysconfdir')}/#{rel}", 0644
+  end
+
+  def install_dir_man(rel)
+    install_files targetfiles(), "#{config('mandir')}/#{rel}", 0644
+  end
+
+  def install_files(list, dest, mode)
+    mkdir_p dest, @config.install_prefix
+    list.each do |fname|
+      install fname, dest, mode, @config.install_prefix
+    end
+  end
+
+  def libfiles
+    glob_reject(%w(*.y *.output), targetfiles())
+  end
+
+  def rubyextentions(dir)
+    ents = glob_select("*.#{@config.dllext}", targetfiles())
+    if ents.empty?
+      setup_rb_error "no ruby extention exists: 'ruby #{$0} setup' first"
+    end
+    ents
+  end
+
+  def targetfiles
+    mapdir(existfiles() - hookfiles())
+  end
+
+  def mapdir(ents)
+    ents.map {|ent|
+      if File.exist?(ent)
+      then ent                         # objdir
+      else "#{curr_srcdir()}/#{ent}"   # srcdir
+      end
+    }
+  end
+
+  # picked up many entries from cvs-1.11.1/src/ignore.c
+  JUNK_FILES = %w(
+    core RCSLOG tags TAGS .make.state
+    .nse_depinfo #* .#* cvslog.* ,* .del-* *.olb
+    *~ *.old *.bak *.BAK *.orig *.rej _$* *$
+
+    *.org *.in .*
+  )
+
+  def existfiles
+    glob_reject(JUNK_FILES, (files_of(curr_srcdir()) | files_of('.')))
+  end
+
+  def hookfiles
+    %w( pre-%s post-%s pre-%s.rb post-%s.rb ).map {|fmt|
+      %w( config setup install clean ).map {|t| sprintf(fmt, t) }
+    }.flatten
+  end
+
+  def glob_select(pat, ents)
+    re = globs2re([pat])
+    ents.select {|ent| re =~ ent }
+  end
+
+  def glob_reject(pats, ents)
+    re = globs2re(pats)
+    ents.reject {|ent| re =~ ent }
+  end
+
+  GLOB2REGEX = {
+    '.' => '\.',
+    '$' => '\$',
+    '#' => '\#',
+    '*' => '.*'
+  }
+
+  def globs2re(pats)
+    /\A(?:#{
+      pats.map {|pat| pat.gsub(/[\.\$\#\*]/) {|ch| GLOB2REGEX[ch] } }.join('|')
+    })\z/
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK test
+  #
+
+  TESTDIR = 'test'
+
+  def exec_test
+    unless File.directory?('test')
+      $stderr.puts 'no test in this package' if verbose?
+      return
+    end
+    $stderr.puts 'Running tests...' if verbose?
+    begin
+      require 'test/unit'
+    rescue LoadError
+      setup_rb_error 'test/unit cannot loaded.  You need Ruby 1.8 or later to invoke this task.'
+    end
+    runner = Test::Unit::AutoRunner.new(true)
+    runner.to_run << TESTDIR
+    runner.run
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK clean
+  #
+
+  def exec_clean
+    exec_task_traverse 'clean'
+    rm_f @config.savefile
+    rm_f 'InstalledFiles'
+  end
+
+  alias clean_dir_bin noop
+  alias clean_dir_lib noop
+  alias clean_dir_data noop
+  alias clean_dir_conf noop
+  alias clean_dir_man noop
+
+  def clean_dir_ext(rel)
+    return unless extdir?(curr_srcdir())
+    make 'clean' if File.file?('Makefile')
+  end
+
+  #
+  # TASK distclean
+  #
+
+  def exec_distclean
+    exec_task_traverse 'distclean'
+    rm_f @config.savefile
+    rm_f 'InstalledFiles'
+  end
+
+  alias distclean_dir_bin noop
+  alias distclean_dir_lib noop
+
+  def distclean_dir_ext(rel)
+    return unless extdir?(curr_srcdir())
+    make 'distclean' if File.file?('Makefile')
+  end
+
+  alias distclean_dir_data noop
+  alias distclean_dir_conf noop
+  alias distclean_dir_man noop
+
+  #
+  # Traversing
+  #
+
+  def exec_task_traverse(task)
+    run_hook "pre-#{task}"
+    FILETYPES.each do |type|
+      if type == 'ext' and config('without-ext') == 'yes'
+        $stderr.puts 'skipping ext/* by user option' if verbose?
+        next
+      end
+      traverse task, type, "#{task}_dir_#{type}"
+    end
+    run_hook "post-#{task}"
+  end
+
+  def traverse(task, rel, mid)
+    dive_into(rel) {
+      run_hook "pre-#{task}"
+      __send__ mid, rel.sub(%r[\A.*?(?:/|\z)], '')
+      directories_of(curr_srcdir()).each do |d|
+        traverse task, "#{rel}/#{d}", mid
+      end
+      run_hook "post-#{task}"
+    }
+  end
+
+  def dive_into(rel)
+    return unless File.dir?("#{@srcdir}/#{rel}")
+
+    dir = File.basename(rel)
+    Dir.mkdir dir unless File.dir?(dir)
+    prevdir = Dir.pwd
+    Dir.chdir dir
+    $stderr.puts '---> ' + rel if verbose?
+    @currdir = rel
+    yield
+    Dir.chdir prevdir
+    $stderr.puts '<--- ' + rel if verbose?
+    @currdir = File.dirname(rel)
+  end
+
+  def run_hook(id)
+    path = [ "#{curr_srcdir()}/#{id}",
+             "#{curr_srcdir()}/#{id}.rb" ].detect {|cand| File.file?(cand) }
+    return unless path
+    begin
+      instance_eval File.read(path), path, 1
+    rescue
+      raise if $DEBUG
+      setup_rb_error "hook #{path} failed:\n" + $!.message
+    end
+  end
+
+end   # class Installer
+
+
+class SetupError < StandardError; end
+
+def setup_rb_error(msg)
+  raise SetupError, msg
+end
+
+if $0 == __FILE__
+  begin
+    ToplevelInstaller.invoke
+  rescue SetupError
+    raise if $DEBUG
+    $stderr.puts $!.message
+    $stderr.puts "Try 'ruby #{$0} --help' for detailed usage."
+    exit 1
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/test_linux.rb b/test/test_linux.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7744c61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_linux.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'tempfile'
+require 'raindrops'
+require 'socket'
+require 'pp'
+$stderr.sync = $stdout.sync = true
+
+class TestLinux < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  include Raindrops::Linux
+
+  TEST_ADDR = ENV['UNICORN_TEST_ADDR'] || '127.0.0.1'
+
+  def test_unix
+    tmp = Tempfile.new("\xde\xad\xbe\xef") # valid path, really :)
+    File.unlink(tmp.path)
+    us = UNIXServer.new(tmp.path)
+    stats = unix_listener_stats([tmp.path])
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[tmp.path].active
+    assert_equal 0, stats[tmp.path].queued
+
+    uc0 = UNIXSocket.new(tmp.path)
+    stats = unix_listener_stats([tmp.path])
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[tmp.path].active
+    assert_equal 1, stats[tmp.path].queued
+
+    uc1 = UNIXSocket.new(tmp.path)
+    stats = unix_listener_stats([tmp.path])
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[tmp.path].active
+    assert_equal 2, stats[tmp.path].queued
+
+    ua0 = us.accept
+    stats = unix_listener_stats([tmp.path])
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 1, stats[tmp.path].active
+    assert_equal 1, stats[tmp.path].queued
+  end
+
+  def test_tcp
+    port = unused_port
+    s = TCPServer.new(TEST_ADDR, port)
+    addr = "#{TEST_ADDR}:#{port}"
+    addrs = [ addr ]
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr].active
+
+    c = TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port)
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr].active
+
+    sc = s.accept
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 1, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr].active
+  end
+
+  def test_tcp_multi
+    port1, port2 = unused_port, unused_port
+    s1 = TCPServer.new(TEST_ADDR, port1)
+    s2 = TCPServer.new(TEST_ADDR, port2)
+    addr1, addr2 = "#{TEST_ADDR}:#{port1}", "#{TEST_ADDR}:#{port2}"
+    addrs = [ addr1, addr2 ]
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].active
+
+    c1 = TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port1)
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].active
+
+    sc1 = s1.accept
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].active
+
+    c2 = TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port2)
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].active
+
+    c3 = TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port2)
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 2, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr2].active
+
+    sc2 = s2.accept
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 2, stats.size
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr2].active
+
+    sc1.close
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].queued
+    assert_equal 0, stats[addr1].active
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr2].queued
+    assert_equal 1, stats[addr2].active
+  end
+
+  # tries to overflow buffers
+  def test_tcp_stress_test
+    nr_proc = 32
+    nr_sock = 500
+    port = unused_port
+    addr = "#{TEST_ADDR}:#{port}"
+    addrs = [ addr ]
+    s = TCPServer.new(TEST_ADDR, port)
+    rda, wra = IO.pipe
+    rdb, wrb = IO.pipe
+
+    nr_proc.times do
+      fork do
+        rda.close
+        wrb.close
+        socks = nr_sock.times.map { s.accept }
+        wra.syswrite('.')
+        wra.close
+        rdb.sysread(1) # wait for parent to nuke us
+      end
+    end
+
+    nr_proc.times do
+      fork do
+        rda.close
+        wrb.close
+        socks = nr_sock.times.map { TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port) }
+        wra.syswrite('.')
+        wra.close
+        rdb.sysread(1) # wait for parent to nuke us
+      end
+    end
+
+    assert_equal('.' * (nr_proc * 2), rda.read(nr_proc * 2))
+
+    rda.close
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    expect = { addr => Raindrops::ListenStats[nr_sock * nr_proc, 0] }
+    assert_equal expect, stats
+
+    uno_mas = TCPSocket.new(TEST_ADDR, port)
+    stats = tcp_listener_stats(addrs)
+    expect = { addr => Raindrops::ListenStats[nr_sock * nr_proc, 1] }
+    assert_equal expect, stats
+
+    if ENV["BENCHMARK"].to_i != 0
+      require 'benchmark'
+      puts(Benchmark.measure{1000.times { tcp_listener_stats(addrs) }})
+    end
+
+    wrb.syswrite('.' * (nr_proc * 2)) # broadcast a wakeup
+    statuses = Process.waitall
+    statuses.each { |(pid,status)| assert status.success?, status.inspect }
+  end if ENV["STRESS"].to_i != 0
+
+private
+
+  # Stolen from Unicorn, also a version of this is used by the Rainbows!
+  # test suite.
+  # unused_port provides an unused port on +addr+ usable for TCP that is
+  # guaranteed to be unused across all compatible tests on that system.  It
+  # prevents race conditions by using a lock file other tests
+  # will see.  This is required if you perform several builds in parallel
+  # with a continuous integration system or run tests in parallel via
+  # gmake.  This is NOT guaranteed to be race-free if you run other
+  # systems that bind to random ports for testing (but the window
+  # for a race condition is very small).  You may also set UNICORN_TEST_ADDR
+  # to override the default test address (127.0.0.1).
+  def unused_port(addr = TEST_ADDR)
+    retries = 100
+    base = 5000
+    port = sock = nil
+    begin
+      begin
+        port = base + rand(32768 - base)
+        while port == 8080
+          port = base + rand(32768 - base)
+        end
+
+        sock = Socket.new(Socket::AF_INET, Socket::SOCK_STREAM, 0)
+        sock.bind(Socket.pack_sockaddr_in(port, addr))
+        sock.listen(5)
+      rescue Errno::EADDRINUSE, Errno::EACCES
+        sock.close rescue nil
+        retry if (retries -= 1) >= 0
+      end
+
+      # since we'll end up closing the random port we just got, there's a race
+      # condition could allow the random port we just chose to reselect itself
+      # when running tests in parallel with gmake.  Create a lock file while
+      # we have the port here to ensure that does not happen .
+      lock_path = "#{Dir::tmpdir}/unicorn_test.#{addr}:#{port}.lock"
+      lock = File.open(lock_path, File::WRONLY|File::CREAT|File::EXCL, 0600)
+      at_exit { File.unlink(lock_path) rescue nil }
+    rescue Errno::EEXIST
+      sock.close rescue nil
+      retry
+    end
+    sock.close rescue nil
+    port
+  end
+
+end if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /linux/
diff --git a/test/test_linux_middleware.rb b/test/test_linux_middleware.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..670b853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_linux_middleware.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'tempfile'
+require 'raindrops'
+require 'socket'
+$stderr.sync = $stdout.sync = true
+
+class TestLinuxMiddleware < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def setup
+    @resp_headers = { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain', 'Content-Length' => '0' }
+    @response = [ 200, @resp_headers, [] ]
+    @app = lambda { |env| @response }
+  end
+
+  def test_unix_listener
+    tmp = Tempfile.new("")
+    File.unlink(tmp.path)
+    us = UNIXServer.new(tmp.path)
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(@app, :listeners => [tmp.path])
+    linux_extra = "#{tmp.path} active: 0\n#{tmp.path} queued: 0\n"
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/_raindrops")
+
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      {
+        "Content-Type" => "text/plain",
+        "Content-Length" => (22 + linux_extra.size).to_s
+      },
+      [
+        "calling: 0\nwriting: 0\n#{linux_extra}" \
+      ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+  end
+
+  def test_unix_listener_queued
+    tmp = Tempfile.new("")
+    File.unlink(tmp.path)
+    us = UNIXServer.new(tmp.path)
+    uc = UNIXSocket.new(tmp.path)
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(@app, :listeners => [tmp.path])
+    linux_extra = "#{tmp.path} active: 0\n#{tmp.path} queued: 1\n"
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/_raindrops")
+
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      {
+        "Content-Type" => "text/plain",
+        "Content-Length" => (22 + linux_extra.size).to_s
+      },
+      [
+        "calling: 0\nwriting: 0\n#{linux_extra}" \
+      ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+  end
+
+end if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /linux/
diff --git a/test/test_middleware.rb b/test/test_middleware.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2fdc38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_middleware.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'raindrops'
+
+class TestMiddleware < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def setup
+    @resp_headers = { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain', 'Content-Length' => '0' }
+    @response = [ 200, @resp_headers, [] ]
+    @app = lambda { |env| @response }
+  end
+
+  def test_setup
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(@app)
+    response = app.call({})
+    assert_equal @response[0,2], response[0,2]
+    assert response.last.kind_of?(Raindrops::Middleware)
+    assert response.last.object_id != app.object_id
+    tmp = []
+    response.last.each { |y| tmp << y }
+    assert tmp.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_alt_stats
+    stats = Raindrops::Middleware::Stats.new
+    app = lambda { |env|
+      if (stats.writing == 0 && stats.calling == 1)
+        @app.call(env)
+      else
+        [ 500, @resp_headers, [] ]
+      end
+    }
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(app, :stats => stats)
+    response = app.call({})
+    assert_equal 0, stats.calling
+    assert_equal 1, stats.writing
+    assert_equal 200, response[0]
+    assert response.last.kind_of?(Raindrops::Middleware)
+    tmp = []
+    response.last.each do |y|
+      assert_equal 1, stats.writing
+      tmp << y
+    end
+    assert tmp.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_default_endpoint
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(@app)
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/_raindrops")
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      { "Content-Type" => "text/plain", "Content-Length" => "22" },
+      [ "calling: 0\nwriting: 0\n" ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+  end
+
+  def test_alt_endpoint
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(@app, :path => "/foo")
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/foo")
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      { "Content-Type" => "text/plain", "Content-Length" => "22" },
+      [ "calling: 0\nwriting: 0\n" ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+  end
+
+  def test_concurrent
+    rda, wra = IO.pipe
+    rdb, wrb = IO.pipe
+    app = lambda do |env|
+      wrb.close
+      wra.syswrite('.')
+      wra.close
+
+      # wait until parent has run app.call for stats endpoint
+      rdb.read
+      @app.call(env)
+    end
+    app = Raindrops::Middleware.new(app)
+
+    pid = fork { app.call({}) }
+    rdb.close
+
+    # wait til child is running in app.call
+    assert_equal '.', rda.sysread(1)
+    rda.close
+
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/_raindrops")
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      { "Content-Type" => "text/plain", "Content-Length" => "22" },
+      [ "calling: 1\nwriting: 0\n" ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+    wrb.close # unblock child process
+    assert Process.waitpid2(pid).last.success?
+
+    # we didn't call close the body in the forked child, so it'll always be
+    # marked as writing, a real server would close the body
+    response = app.call("PATH_INFO" => "/_raindrops")
+    expect = [
+      200,
+      { "Content-Type" => "text/plain", "Content-Length" => "22" },
+      [ "calling: 0\nwriting: 1\n" ]
+    ]
+    assert_equal expect, response
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/test/test_raindrops.rb b/test/test_raindrops.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66fc208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_raindrops.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'raindrops'
+
+class TestRaindrops < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def test_size
+    rd = Raindrops.new(4)
+    assert_equal 4, rd.size
+  end
+
+  def test_ary
+    rd = Raindrops.new(4)
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 0, 0] , rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_incr_no_args
+    rd = Raindrops.new(4)
+    assert_equal 1, rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal [1, 0, 0, 0], rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_incr_args
+    rd = Raindrops.new(4)
+    assert_equal 6, rd.incr(3, 6)
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 0, 6], rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_decr_args
+    rd = Raindrops.new(4)
+    rd[3] = 6
+    assert_equal 5, rd.decr(3, 1)
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 0, 5], rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_incr_shared
+    rd = Raindrops.new(2)
+    5.times do
+      pid = fork { rd.incr(1) }
+      _, status = Process.waitpid2(pid)
+      assert status.success?
+    end
+    assert_equal [0, 5], rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_incr_decr
+    rd = Raindrops.new(1)
+    fork { 1000000.times { rd.incr(0) } }
+    1000.times { rd.decr(0) }
+    statuses = Process.waitall
+    statuses.each { |pid, status| assert status.success? }
+    assert_equal [999000], rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+  def test_bad_incr
+    rd = Raindrops.new(1)
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { rd.incr(-1) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { rd.incr(2) }
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError) { rd.incr(0xffffffff) }
+  end
+
+  def test_dup
+    @rd = Raindrops.new(1)
+    rd = @rd.dup
+    assert_equal 1, @rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 1, rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 2, rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 2, rd[0]
+    assert_equal 1, @rd[0]
+  end
+
+  def test_clone
+    @rd = Raindrops.new(1)
+    rd = @rd.clone
+    assert_equal 1, @rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 1, rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 2, rd.incr(0)
+    assert_equal 2, rd[0]
+    assert_equal 1, @rd[0]
+  end
+
+  def test_big
+    expect = 256.times.map { 0 }
+    rd = Raindrops.new(256)
+    assert_equal expect, rd.to_ary
+    assert_nothing_raised { rd[255] = 5 }
+    assert_equal 5, rd[255]
+    assert_nothing_raised { rd[2] = 2 }
+
+    expect[255] = 5
+    expect[2] = 2
+    assert_equal expect, rd.to_ary
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/test/test_raindrops_gc.rb b/test/test_raindrops_gc.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b473619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_raindrops_gc.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# -*- encoding: binary -*-
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'raindrops'
+
+class TestRaindropsGc < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def test_gc
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      1000000.times { Raindrops.new(24) }
+    end
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/test/test_struct.rb b/test/test_struct.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9792d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_struct.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'raindrops'
+
+class TestRaindrops < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def test_struct_new
+    @rw = Raindrops::Struct.new(:r, :w)
+    assert @rw.kind_of?(Class)
+  end
+
+  TMP = Raindrops::Struct.new(:r, :w)
+
+  def test_init_basic
+    tmp = TMP.new
+    assert_equal 0, tmp.r
+    assert_equal 1, tmp.incr_r
+    assert_equal 1, tmp.r
+    assert_equal({ :r => 1, :w => 0 }, tmp.to_hash)
+
+    assert_equal 1, tmp[0]
+    assert_equal 0, tmp[1]
+    assert_equal [ :r, :w ], TMP::MEMBERS
+  end
+
+  def test_init
+    tmp = TMP.new(5, 6)
+    assert_equal({ :r => 5, :w => 6 }, tmp.to_hash)
+  end
+
+  def test_dup
+    a = TMP.new(5, 6)
+    b = a.dup
+    assert_equal({ :r => 5, :w => 6 }, b.to_hash)
+    assert_nothing_raised { 4.times { b.decr_r } }
+    assert_equal({ :r => 1, :w => 6 }, b.to_hash)
+    assert_equal({ :r => 5, :w => 6 }, a.to_hash)
+  end
+
+  class Foo < Raindrops::Struct.new(:a, :b, :c, :d)
+    def to_ary
+      @raindrops.to_ary
+    end
+
+    def hello
+      "world"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_subclass
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 0, 0], Foo.new.to_ary
+    assert_equal "world", Foo.new.hello
+  end
+
+end